Researchers have developed flexible power generators that mimic seaweed’s natural motion to convert ocean waves into electricity, offering a sustainable energy solution for marine sensors and devices. The innovation, reported in ACS Nano, could reduce reliance on batteries in coastal monitoring systems while tapping into the ocean’s constant movement as a renewable power source.
Powering the Marine Internet of Things
Coastal sensor networks that monitor water conditions currently depend on batteries requiring frequent replacement—a costly and labor-intensive process. While solar and wind power have limitations for underwater use, the new triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) effectively harvest energy from both surface waves and deeper, less frequent underwater movements. The technology addresses a critical gap in sustainable power solutions for submerged applications.
Biomimicry Leads to Breakthrough Design
Inspired by seaweed’s ability to sway with ocean currents, researchers created 1.5 x 3 inch flexible TENG strips using conductive polymer layers separated by a sponge air gap. When moved by water, these seaweed-like generators bend and produce static electricity through surface contact. Testing confirmed the devices generate power even at 30-foot depths where wave action is minimal, maintaining functionality under 100 kPa water pressure.
From Concept to Practical Application
Wave tank demonstrations proved multiple TENG units can collectively power marine equipment—from thermometers to LED arrays—establishing their potential as underwater micro power stations. The system’s simple design and scalability make it particularly suitable for distributed sensor networks along coastlines. Researchers emphasize this technology could significantly decrease battery dependence in coastal monitoring infrastructure.
Toward Sustainable Ocean Monitoring
This advancement represents a crucial step in marine renewable energy, offering persistent power generation where traditional solutions fall short. As development continues, seaweed-inspired TENGs may power broader applications, including navigation aids and environmental monitoring systems, while reducing maintenance costs and environmental impact across coastal zones.
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